Click any symbol to hear the Morse code tone.
The Morse Binary Tree is a memory tool. Start at the root and go left for every dot (·) and right for every dash (−). The letter at the end is your decoded character.
· = go left − = go right
What is the Morse Code Alphabet?
The Morse code alphabet is a system where each letter, number, and punctuation mark is represented by a unique sequence of dots (·) and dashes (−). It was developed by Samuel Morse and Alfred Vail in the 1830s and became the world's first digital communication system.
The most common letters in English were given the shortest codes — E is just one dot (·) and T is one dash (−) — making frequent letters faster to transmit.
Tips for Remembering the Morse Code Alphabet
Start with E and T
E = · (one dot) and T = − (one dash) are the simplest and most common. Learn these first.
Use the Morse Tree
The binary tree shows the logical structure. Letters with similar patterns are grouped together.
Learn by sound
Each pattern has a rhythm. S = dit-dit-dit, O = dah-dah-dah. Use audio to build muscle memory.
Group by length
1-symbol codes (E, T), then 2-symbol (A, N, I, M), then 3-symbol (S, O, R, etc.). Build up gradually.
Practice daily
Use our Training Game for 5 minutes a day. Spaced repetition builds fluency fast.
NATO phonetics help
Alpha (A), Bravo (B), Charlie (C)… linking the NATO alphabet to Morse helps with radio context.
Most Important Letters to Learn First
If you want to learn practical Morse code, start with these high-priority letters in this order:
- E · and T − — Most common English letters, simplest codes
- S ··· and O --- — Together they make SOS, the most famous Morse sequence
- A ·−, N −·, I ··, M -- — Very common in English words
- R ·−·, H ····, L ·−·· — Frequent letters that appear in most messages
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Morse code alphabet A to Z?
A=·−, B=−···, C=−·−·, D=−··, E=·, F=··−·, G=−−·, H=····, I=··, J=·−−−, K=−·−, L=·−··, M=−−, N=−·, O=−−−, P=·−−·, Q=−−·−, R=·−·, S=···, T=−, U=··−, V=···−, W=·−−, X=−··−, Y=−·−−, Z=−−··
How many dots and dashes are in the Morse alphabet?
The Morse alphabet uses dots (short signals) and dashes (long signals). A dash lasts 3 times as long as a dot. The shortest code is E (one dot) and the longest letters have 4 symbols.
What is the Morse code for each letter?
Each letter has a unique sequence: E=· T=− A=·− N=−· I=·· M=−− and so on. The full alphabet is shown in the interactive chart above — click any letter to hear it.
What is the international Morse code alphabet?
The International Morse Code (ITU Morse) is the current standard, adopted in 1865. It differs slightly from the original American Morse code used in the 1800s. The chart above shows the ITU international standard.
Can I print the Morse code alphabet chart?
Yes — use your browser's print function (Ctrl+P / Cmd+P) on this page to print the alphabet chart. The grid layout is designed to print cleanly on A4 or Letter paper.